Report text : Bekantan

 

Report: The Proboscis Monkey (Bekantan)

The proboscis monkey, locally known as "bekantan," is a unique and fascinating arboreal primate endemic to the island of Borneo. Recognizable by its exceptionally large, pendulous nose, particularly in males, this monkey is one of the largest monkey species native to Asia. The bekantan's striking appearance, combined with its specialized diet and habitat, makes it a subject of great interest to primatologists and conservationists alike.

Bekantan primarily inhabit coastal and lowland forests, including mangrove swamps, riverine forests, and peat swamps. Their diet is highly specialized, consisting mainly of unripe fruits and leaves. This specific dietary preference is linked to their complex digestive system, which is capable of breaking down tough, fibrous plant matter. Interestingly, they are known to have a multi-chambered stomach, similar to that of a cow, which allows them to ferment and digest cellulose. This adaptation also makes them sensitive to ripe fruits, which can cause severe bloating.

The social structure of the proboscis monkey is typically a harem-based system, with one dominant male leading a group of several females and their offspring. Groups can range in size from 2 to 10 individuals. However, males who have not yet formed a harem often live in bachelor groups. Bekantan are also known for their semi-aquatic lifestyle. They are surprisingly excellent swimmers and are often seen plunging into rivers from trees, using their webbed feet and hands to navigate the water. This ability is crucial for them to cross rivers in search of food and to escape predators.

Unfortunately, the proboscis monkey is currently listed as an endangered species by the IUCN. The primary threats to their survival are habitat loss and fragmentation due to deforestation for palm oil plantations and logging. Their unique, specialized habitat is particularly vulnerable to human development. Conservation efforts are underway, but the bekantan's future remains uncertain. Protecting their specific wetland and riverine habitats is crucial for their long-term survival and for the preservation of this remarkable species.

Answer the questions based on the text!

1. What is the main physical characteristic that distinguishes the male proboscis monkey?

2. What is the bekantan's primary habitat, and why is this habitat so important for their survival?

3. Why is the proboscis monkey's diet considered "specialized"? What kind of food do they primarily eat?

4. Describe the social structure of the proboscis monkey.

5. What are the main threats to the survival of the proboscis monkey, and what is its conservation status?